Steroids
Steroids and Bodybuilders: How are Steroids Abused?
etesAthlSteroids use among athletes has become widespread in recent years. These are synthetic substances that can effectively and quickly reduce swelling and pain. It is related to cortisol, a hormone produced by the cortex of the adrenal glands. We can divide steroids into two groups. One is corticosteroids, mainly used for medical purposes like arthritis treatment, as their anti-inflammatory effects are remarkable.
Steroids are a class of drugs commonly abused by bodybuilders to enhance their performance and physical appearance.
While steroids can be used safely under the guidance of a physician, they are often abused to gain an edge over opponents. When abused, anabolics can have serious health consequences, including an increased risk of heart attack, stroke, liver damage, and even death.
This article will explore how steroids are abused and the potential health risks associated with steroid abuse.
Steroids Use: Mechanism of Action
Steroids stimulate the body's anabolic (building) hormones and inhibit the body's catabolic (breaking down) hormones. In other words, steroids are a chemical form of anabolic and catabolic steroids. However, their mechanism of action is not well understood.
By now, you know that steroids are a class of drugs designed to mimic the effects of hormones naturally produced by the body. While they can be beneficial when used in the proper context, they can also have serious side effects when abused.
Let us explore how steroids chemically affect the body and what potential risks may be associated with their use. We will look at how steroids interact with hormones, proteins, and other bodily molecules to produce their desired effects.
By understanding these chemical interactions, we can understand why steroids should only be used under medical supervision.
Anabolics can alter the hormonal environment in the body. Inherently, they have a strong binding affinity for androgen receptors inside cells. They can be classified as either anabolic or androgenic steroids.
The terms are often interchanged in a common language, but there is an essential distinction between them. As mentioned, steroids are hormones that provide growth-promoting effects to muscles. Androgens promote masculine features like facial hair growth, fat distribution throughout the body, and prostate enlargement.
Anabolic Steroids vs. Androgens
Steroids and Androgens are two different types of drugs that have been used for decades to increase muscle mass and strength. While both have their unique benefits, it is crucial to understand their differences.
Anabolic Steroids can be taken orally or injected into the body, while Androgens are naturally occurring hormones found in the body. Both drugs can help increase muscle mass, but they do so differently. In this article, we will explore the differences between Anabolic Steroids and Androgens and how they can each be used effectively in bodybuilding.
What are Anabolic Steroids? Anabolic Steroids are synthetic hormones that can be used to build muscle and stimulate the body's natural production of testosterone.
The following drugs have been classified as Anabolics: Androstenedione, Stanozolol, Testosterone, Dianabol (methasterone), Methandrostenolone, Oxymetholone, and Stenbolone.
In non-human animals, anabolic steroids usually refer to the male sex hormone testosterone and its derivatives. The most well-known of these is testosterone itself.
Some examples of common anabolic steroids include Boldenone, Clenbuterol, Epitestosterone (17a-methyl-androst-4-ene), Fluoxymesterone, Mesterolone, Methandienone (methandrostenolone), Nandrolone, Oxymethalone.
Abbreviations used in this program include :
ADN = Androgenic Dihydrotestosteron
DHT = Dihydrotestosterone /androstendione/10-dihydrotestosterone/androstenone/NandroloneEnantate = 1-Methyl enanthateEtiocholanolone = 5-oxo-testosteroneEtiocholanolone can also be called "17b-(hydroxymethyl)-5a-androstan-3,17b-diol"Methasteron (Dianabol) = Methasteride (17α,21β)-7α,17α,21β androstanediol acetate; methyl clostebol acetate, among others.
Steroids Uses and Benefits
Anabolics are hormones produced in the body, primarily by the adrenal glands. They bind to androgen receptors in cells to exert their effects, including increased appetite, muscle growth, and bone density.
Although serious health risks are associated with anabolic steroids, some potential health benefits are realized by using them. For example, anabolic steroids may reduce the risk of osteoporosis and improve bone density.
Some studies have found that testosterone therapy may increase lean muscle mass, strength, and exercise capacity in people with Alzheimer's. This is thought to occur because these drugs lower testosterone levels in the brain, which may increase the hormone levels that stimulate muscle growth.
They are commonly used to reduce inflammation, stimulate muscle growth, and suppress the immune system.
It is also used in treating AIDS as it helps put on weight and improves the muscles. The other is anabolic steroids. Those are used as performance-enhancing drugs. In many states of America, steroids are illegal.
There are some medicines in which these steroids are used, but they are allowed only under the prescription of specialists.
Must Read: When Were Steroids Banned?
Why Steroids Are Banned In Some Instances
Some anabolics can cause serious health problems when misused or too long. This is why some instances have banned their use altogether.
In this section, we will discuss why steroids are banned in some instances and the potential health risks associated with them. We will also examine the potential benefits of using steroids in a controlled and monitored environment.
Finally, we will explore the ethical implications of steroid use and how it affects athletes and society.
Why Steroids are Banned?
The most common reason anabolics are banned is that they can cause serious health problems when misused or for too long. The drug’s ability to perform at a high level and maintain muscle mass can mask the user’s general health and physical capabilities.
These drugs have been linked to cardiac events, liver failure, brain damage, and seizures. In addition to the potential health risks associated with steroid use, their usage may be illegal in some instances based on the number of times they were abused or prohibited from being used as part of any sporting event.
Steroids are often banned for competitive sports, as they can result in unfair and fraudulent advantages. If a third party can manipulate the drug’s usage and obtain an unfair advantage in sporting competitions, it undermines the integrity of an event.
They are, in fact, corticosteroids. Anabolics are strictly banned in many entries because of their side effects on the users' health. Almost all steroids are banned, even when used in many countries, including all developed countries.
Now the question arises of how these steroids are abused. The answer is quite apparent. Some steroids are taken orally; some are injected intramuscularly; still, some steroids are in the form of gel and are applied to the skin to get the desired results.
Ways Steroids Are Misused By Athletes
It is viewed that the people who are guilty of steroid abuse use this drug 10 to 100 times higher in dose than the dose prescribed by the doctors. They do this only because they desire to excel and gain an edge in their field. also want to improve their physique and increase efficiency by taking these drugs. They commonly use this drug in three ways.
Cycling:
People usually use these steroids in cycles. They begin with the administration of low dosage at regular intervals. Then multiply, and the high dose of anabolics is taken over a specific period, stopped for a particular period, and then started again to carry on the cycle.
Must Read: Cheapest and Safest Method of Cycling Steroids
The users of this method believe that in this way, they do not have the worst effects. They think that using drugs off and on does not affect the body's natural function, and in this way, they are at low risk.
Stacking:
Must Read: The Best Mild Steroid -With Proper Dosage And Stacking Examples
In this steroid method, people combine two or more drugs to affect their bodies differently. It can be a tablet with some injection or a dose with short-effects ECT with long-term consequences. This theory does not have scientific proof. Even then, it is trendy among ordinary people.
Pyramiding:
In this method, abusers do not take higher doses in the beginning. They gradually increase the amount and frequency of the amount. When they reach the mid-cycle peak, they taper it down by taking it to zero.
The worst thing about these steroids is that they increase your appetite to get more and more drugs until you reach a point of no return.
Ethical Implications of Steroid Use
Steroid use is a controversial topic that has been debated for years. The ethical implications of steroid use are complex and far-reaching, with potential implications for athletes, medical professionals, and society.
Stakeholders are still exploring the ethical implications of their use from different perspectives to provide an in-depth understanding of the issue. From the potential health risks to the societal impact, this paper will examine the ethical considerations associated with steroid use and discuss potential solutions to mitigate these issues.
Athletes face many health risks when using steroids, including emotional issues such as depression and anxiety. Athletes have been banned from steroid use in professional and amateur sports leagues across the globe.
Take Away
Athletes have been banned from steroid use in both professional and amateur sports leagues across the globe. However, there is some debate about the effectiveness of these bans in protecting athletes from future health complications due to their steroid use.
While banning may seem like a productive measure in reducing the risk factor associated with certain substances, it does not eliminate this risk. One of the biggest risks that athletes face is developing a substance addiction. If an athlete uses steroids long enough and frequently enough, they may develop a dependence on these drugs. This can lead to an inability to stop using them despite their negative effects on their health.
Without treating this dependency, athletes are subject to life-threatening consequences such as overdose or death due to misuse of these drugs.
Must Read: What You Have To Know About Pyramiding Steroids Doses In Different Cycles
Beginners
14 Morning Run Safety Tips for Bodybuilding and Fitness
Morning Run can be a refreshing way to start the day, but it comes with its own set of challenges and safety concerns. For bodybuilders, who often have rigorous training schedules, it's crucial to take extra precautions to ensure a safe and effective workout. Here are some essential safety tips for bodybuilders who run in the wee hours of the morning:
Must Read: Here Is How to Know Your MRV
1. Plan Your Morning Run Route
Choose a well-lit, familiar route that is safe and free from heavy traffic. Avoid secluded areas and opt for routes with plenty of pedestrian traffic. If possible, run in parks or designated running trails.
2. Wear Reflective Gear
Visibility is key when running in the dark. Wear reflective clothing, shoes, and accessories to ensure that you are seen by drivers and other pedestrians. A headlamp or flashlight can also help you see the path ahead.
3. Inform Someone Before a Morning Run
Always let someone know your running route and expected return time. This way, if something goes wrong, someone will be aware and can alert authorities if necessary.
4. Carry Identification During Morning Run
Wear an ID bracelet or carry identification in your pocket. Include your name, emergency contact information, and any medical conditions or allergies. This information can be crucial in case of an emergency.
5. Stay Alert
Keep your senses sharp and stay aware of your surroundings. Avoid wearing headphones or earbuds, as they can distract you from potential dangers. Instead, listen to the sounds around you and be prepared to react quickly.
6. Run Against Traffic
When running on roads, always run against the direction of traffic. This allows you to see oncoming vehicles and gives you more time to react if needed.
7. Vary Your Routine
Don't run the same route at the same time every day. Varying your route and schedule can help prevent potential attackers from predicting your movements.
8. Carry a Personal Safety Device
Consider carrying a personal safety device, such as a whistle or pepper spray. These items can help you defend yourself if you encounter a threat.
9. Stay Hydrated
Even though it's early in the morning, your body still needs hydration. Drink water before and after your run, and consider carrying a small water bottle with you.
10. Warm Up Properly for Morning Run
Before you start running, take a few minutes to warm up. Stretching and light exercises can help prevent injuries and prepare your muscles for the workout ahead.
11. Dress Appropriately
Wear moisture-wicking clothing to keep cool and dry. Layering is essential, especially in colder months, so you can adjust your clothing as you warm up.
12. Check the Weather
Before heading out, check the weather forecast. Avoid running in extreme conditions, such as heavy rain, thunderstorms, or extreme heat. If conditions are unsafe, consider an indoor workout instead.
13. Trust Your Instincts
If something doesn't feel right, trust your instincts and find a safer location. Your safety is the top priority, and it's better to be cautious than sorry.
14. Post-Run Routine
After your run, take time to cool down and stretch. This helps reduce muscle soreness and improves flexibility. Also, refuel with a healthy breakfast to replenish your energy levels.
Read Also: 10 Best Powerlifting Steroid Cycles
Analysing Your Morning Run Route
Running in unsafe areas can put you at risk, especially in the early morning when visibility is low. Here are some routes to avoid:
Secluded or Remote Areas
Avoid running in places that are far from help, such as remote trails or rural roads. These areas can be dangerous if you encounter wildlife or if you get injured and no one is around to help.
Check High-Crime Areas Before Morning Run
Stick to well-lit, populated areas and avoid neighborhoods with high crime rates. If you're unsure about the safety of an area, it's best to find an alternative route.
Avoid Unlit Roads During Morning Run
Running on roads without streetlights can be hazardous, especially if there's no sidewalk. Cars might not see you, and it's harder to see potential hazards on the road.
Busy Highways or Interstates
Avoid running on or near highways where traffic is fast-moving and there's little room for pedestrians. The noise and exhaust can also be harmful.
Construction Zones
Be cautious around areas with ongoing construction. There might be debris, uneven surfaces, and heavy machinery that can pose risks.
Blind Curves and Hills
Routes with sharp turns or steep hills can be dangerous because you can't see oncoming traffic. It's safer to choose routes with good visibility.
Areas with Poor Drainage Aren't Safe for Morning Run
Avoid routes that are prone to flooding or have poor drainage. Wet, slippery surfaces can lead to falls and injuries.
Unfamiliar Trails
Stick to trails you know well. Unfamiliar trails can be tricky to navigate, and you might get lost or encounter unexpected obstacles.
Overall
By following our morning run safety tips, you enjoy the benefits while minimizing the risks. Remember, safety should always come first, and taking these precautions can help ensure a safe and enjoyable workout experience.
Related Article: How to Regulate Your Food Quantity
Steroids
Bodybuilder Winter Clothing: Staying Warm and Stylish
Winter workouts can be challenging, but with the right clothing, you can stay warm, comfortable, and stylish. Whether you're hitting the gym or training outdoors, having the right gear is essential. Here's a guide to help you choose the best bodybuilding clothing for the colder months.
See Also: Bodybuilding Grooming Equipment
Layering is Key for Winter Clothing
Layering is crucial during winter workouts. Start with a moisture-wicking base layer to keep sweat away from your skin. This can be a fitted long-sleeve shirt made of materials like polyester or merino wool. Add a mid-layer, such as a fleece-lined hoodie or a thermal top, to provide insulation. Finally, top it off with a windproof and waterproof outer layer to protect against the elements.
Warm Leggings and Pants
Your legs need protection too. Opt for thermal leggings or sweatpants that offer warmth without restricting movement. Look for fabrics that provide insulation while still allowing you to move freely. Pair them with thermal socks to keep your feet warm and dry.
Accessories Matter
Don't forget about accessories! A good pair of gloves or mittens will keep your hands warm, and a beanie or headband will help retain heat. Consider wearing a scarf or neck gaiter for added warmth around your neck and face.
Footwear for Winter
Choose shoes that provide good traction and warmth. Look for sneakers with a waterproof and insulated design. If you're training outdoors, consider wearing thermal insoles or booties for extra warmth.
Stylish Winter Clothing and Functional
Just because it's winter doesn't mean you have to sacrifice style. Many brands offer stylish workout gear that's also functional for cold weather. Look for pieces that combine fashion and function, such as sleek thermal tops, stylish leggings, and trendy hoodies.
Brands to Consider
Here are some brands that offer excellent winter workout clothing for bodybuilders:
- Adidas: Known for their high-performance gear, Adidas offers a range of winter workout clothing that keeps you warm and stylish.
- Nike: Nike's winter collection includes thermal tops, leggings, and jackets designed for cold-weather workouts.
- Under Armour: Under Armour's ColdGear line provides excellent insulation and moisture-wicking properties.
- Lululemon: Lululemon's winter gear is both fashionable and functional, perfect for bodybuilders who want to look good while staying warm.
Buy NordiStanol 10mg 100tab by NordiPharma
Tips for Staying Warm
- Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water before, during, and after your workout to maintain body temperature.
- Warm-Up Indoors: Start your workout indoors to get your body warmed up before heading outside.
- Post-Workout Care: After your workout, change into dry clothes immediately to avoid getting cold.
Winter Clothing Shopping Links
Bodybuilding
How Effective is Bone Broth for Recovery?
Bone broth has gained popularity in the fitness community, including among bodybuilders, due to its potential benefits for recovery. It is a nutrient-dense liquid made by simmering animal bones and connective tissues for an extended period. This process extracts a variety of beneficial compounds and nutrients. Here's how it is effective for post-workout recovery:
1. Bone Broth is Rich in Collagen and Gelatin:
Bone broth is high in collagen, a protein that supports joint, tendon, and ligament health. Gelatin, derived from collagen, may help reduce joint pain and inflammation, which is beneficial after intense workouts.
2. Amino Acid Profile:
Bone broth contains important amino acids like glycine, proline, and glutamine. These amino acids support muscle repair and growth, immune function, and gut health—all crucial for recovery.
3. Electrolytes and Hydration:
It provides electrolytes like potassium, magnesium, and calcium, which help with hydration and muscle function. Proper hydration is key to recovery and preventing cramps or muscle fatigue.
4. Mineral Content:
Bone broth is rich in essential minerals like calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium. These minerals contribute to bone health and muscle contraction, supporting recovery.
5. Anti-Inflammatory Properties:
The nutrients in the broth may help reduce inflammation, speeding up recovery and reducing soreness after workouts.
6. Supports Gut Health:
Bone broth can help heal and maintain the gut lining, which is important for nutrient absorption and overall recovery.
Must Read: Best supplements for College students
How to Prepare Bone Broth at Home
Preparing bone broth at home is straightforward and can be customized to fit your dietary needs for muscle recovery. Here’s a step-by-step guide:
Ingredients:
- Bones: Use a mix of beef, chicken, pork, or fish bones. Marrow bones, knuckles, and joints are especially rich in collagen.
- Vegetables (optional): Carrots, celery, onions, and garlic add flavor and nutrients.
- Vinegar: 1-2 tablespoons of apple cider vinegar help draw out minerals from the bones.
- Herbs and Spices (optional): Bay leaves, thyme, rosemary, and peppercorns for added flavor.
- Water: Enough to cover the bones and vegetables.
Instructions to Prepare Bone Broth
- Prepare the Bones:
- Roasting (optional but recommended): Roast the bones in the oven at 400°F (200°C) for 30-40 minutes. This enhances the flavor of the broth.
- Place Bones in a Pot:
- Transfer the bones to a large stockpot, slow cooker, or pressure cooker.
- Add Vegetables and Vinegar:
- Add your chosen vegetables and the apple cider vinegar to the pot. Vinegar is crucial as it helps extract the minerals from the bones.
- Cover with Water:
- Add enough water to cover the bones by about 2 inches. Avoid adding too much water, as it can dilute the broth.
- Cooking Time:
- Stovetop: Bring the water to a boil, then reduce the heat to a simmer. Cook for 12-24 hours. The longer you simmer, the more nutrients you extract.
- Slow Cooker: Set on low and cook for 12-24 hours.
- Pressure Cooker: Cook on high pressure for 3-4 hours.
- Skim the Foam:
- During the first hour of cooking, you might notice some foam rising to the top. Skim it off with a spoon to keep the broth clear.
- Add Herbs and Spices (optional):
- In the last hour of cooking, add any herbs or spices for flavor.
- Strain the Broth:
- Once the broth is done, strain it through a fine-mesh sieve or cheesecloth into another pot or large container to remove the bones and vegetables.
- Cool and Store:
- Let the broth cool. You can refrigerate it for up to 5 days or freeze it in portions for longer storage.
- Use the Broth:
- You can drink the broth as-is, use it as a base for soups or stews, or incorporate it into your post-workout meals.
Tips for Muscle Recovery:
Consume Post-Workout: Drink a cup of warm bone broth after workouts to replenish lost electrolytes and support muscle repair.
Mix with Protein: Combine bone broth with a protein-rich meal or snack for optimal recovery.
Regular Consumption: Incorporate the broth into your daily diet to consistently benefit from its nutrients.
Making the broth at home allows you to control the ingredients and flavor, ensuring a nutrient-rich recovery drink tailored to your needs.
Don't Miss: Chia Seeds in A Bodybuilder’s Diet: An Expert’s Advice
Incorporating Bone Broth In Your Diet
Incorporating bone broth into your bodybuilding diet can be both delicious and beneficial. Here are some creative ways to include it:
- Post-Workout Drink: Simply heat up a cup of bone broth and drink it after your workout. It’s a great way to replenish electrolytes and protein.
- Smoothies: Add a scoop of bone broth protein powder to your post-workout smoothie. It blends well with fruits and other ingredients.
- Soups and Stews: Use bone broth as a base for soups and stews. It’s an excellent way to add flavor and nutrients to your meals.
- Cooking Grains: Cook your rice, quinoa, or other grains in the broth instead of water. This enhances the flavor and nutritional content.
- Sauces and Gravies: Incorporate bone broth into sauces and gravies for added depth of flavor and health benefits.
- Marinades: Use bone broth as a base for marinades for meats and vegetables. It adds a rich flavor and helps tenderize the meat.
- Bone Broth Ice Cubes: Freeze bone broth in ice cube trays and add the cubes to your dishes as needed. This is a convenient way to add a nutritional boost to any meal.
- Bone Broth Tea: Mix bone broth with herbs and spices to create a savory tea. This can be a soothing and nutritious drink.
These methods can help you enjoy the benefits of bone broth while keeping your diet varied and interesting. Have you tried any of these methods before?
Click Here to Buy Binocrit EPO 10 000IU (6 pre-filled pens) by Sandoz
Which Animal's Bones Give the Best Broth?
Different animal bones can be used to make broth, each offering unique benefits for bodybuilding recovery. Here are some of the best options:
Beef Bones: Beef bones, especially marrow bones, knuckles, and joints, are rich in collagen and gelatin, which support joint health and muscle recovery. They also provide a deep, rich flavor and are packed with minerals like calcium and magnesium.
Chicken Bones: Chicken bones, particularly those from the feet and wings, are high in collagen and gelatin. Chicken broth is lighter in flavor but still rich in nutrients that aid in muscle repair and joint health.
Fish Bones: Fish bones, especially from oily fish like salmon, are excellent for a lighter broth that is rich in omega-3 fatty acids. These fatty acids have anti-inflammatory properties, which can help reduce muscle soreness and promote recovery.
Pork Bones: Pork bones, including the feet and hocks, are also good sources of collagen and gelatin. They produce a flavorful broth that can support joint and muscle health.
Lamb Bones: Lamb bones are another great option, providing a rich, flavorful broth that is high in collagen and minerals.
Each type of bone broth has its own unique flavor and nutritional profile, so you might want to try different ones to see which you prefer and which best supports your recovery needs.
Related Article: Essential Techniques to Master Squats Form
Overall
Can I use bone broth while on steroids? Yes, bone broth can be beneficial for bodybuilders who are using steroids or other supplements, as it provides essential nutrients that support overall health and recovery. Steroids and other performance-enhancing drugs often place additional stress on the body, particularly on the liver, kidneys, joints, and connective tissues. As mentioned, bone broth is rich in collagen, gelatin, amino acids like glycine and proline, and minerals such as calcium and magnesium, which help support joint health, reduce inflammation, and promote gut health. These benefits are especially important for bodybuilders using steroids, as these drugs can sometimes exacerbate joint pain, weaken connective tissues, or cause digestive issues.
Additionally, bone broth can help with hydration and provide electrolytes, supporting muscle function and recovery. While it shouldn't replace other key nutrients and should be used alongside a well-rounded diet and supplement regimen, bone broth can serve as a natural, nutrient-dense addition that helps mitigate some of the side effects of steroid use and enhances overall recovery and performance.
-
Steroids2 years ago
VOX Testing: Why Bodybuilders Must Have It Tested Regularly
-
Steroids1 year ago
Shavers and Other Body Grooming Equipment for Bodybuilders In 2023
-
Steroids1 year ago
ChatGPT and Other Avenues to Find Great Bodybuilding Coaches
-
Steroids1 year ago
Best Oil Recommendations Before Competition for Subtle Shimmer
-
Steroids1 year ago
Powerlifting Vs Power Building: Find Out the Big Difference and When to Shift Between the Two
-
Nutrition1 year ago
Everything Nutritional Food: What’s Too Much Or Too Little
-
Beginners1 year ago
Tren Cycle for Beginners
-
Anabolic Steroids1 year ago
Legality of Anabolic Steroids In Latin America
-
Bodybuilding Products8 months ago
Telmisartan In Bodybuilding: An Expert’s Advice
-
Bodybuilding1 year ago
Competition Prep Cycle for Pro Bodybuilders
-
Bodybuilding10 months ago
List of FDA-Approved Peptides
-
Anabolic Steroids7 months ago
How Much Do You Know About B-AET? A Fat Burner You’ve Been Missing
-
Bodybuilding1 year ago
Chia Seeds in A Bodybuilder’s Diet: An Expert’s Advice
-
Steroids10 months ago
Trenbolone: Why it Remains A Beast In the Market
-
Anabolic Steroids1 year ago
Natural Steroids for Bodybuilding
-
Anabolic Steroids11 months ago
Start The New Year Strong With These Tips
-
Beginners1 year ago
Calisthenics: Secret to Building A Better Upper and Middle Body
-
Bodybuilding12 months ago
Unique Things That Have Redefined Mr Olympia Over The Years
-
Steroids6 months ago
Major Bodybuilding Peptides Explained
-
Bodybuilding Products7 months ago
TRT Add-ons: The Ultimate Guide
-
Bodybuilding6 months ago
Here Is How To know Your MRV (Maximum Recoverable Volume)
-
Product Reviews6 months ago
Top Vitamins for Skin Health
-
Bodybuilding9 months ago
How Much Is Too Much Cardio? Understanding Heart Rate Zones
-
Bodybuilding9 months ago
The Importance of Scaptions in Female Athletes
-
Steroids5 months ago
Omnitope (Oxytocin)