Supplements

Protein Powder Supplement Comparison – Which Type To Choose?

Published

5 years ago

December 10, 2019

Paul

Introduction

In this article, we will talk about protein powders. You already know that you should increase your protein intake and train hard to build more muscles. In the day, choosing used to be easy, as we only had whey. However, there are so many different kinds of protein powders today it is becoming increasingly challenging to decide which one to take. This article will give you essential information about different protein types, which will help you with decision-making. Let's go!

First Things First: Protein Powder Purity

We will get into different protein sources later, but let's first tackle one thing they all have in common: powder purity. Based on the amount of pure protein compared to everything else in the powder, we have protein concentrates, isolates, and hydrolysates.

Concentrate

Back in the day, there was a massive difference between concentrates and isolates, but you can expect the best concentrates to have more than 80% of protein, with the rest coming from carbs and fat. Considering the price, concentrates are the best option for most people who want to add some muscle mass and don't mind the extra calories from other sources.

Isolate

Protein concentrate that goes through more filtering becomes protein isolate. Every good protein isolate has 90% protein or more, with the best ones reaching 95%. Protein isolates are the best option for people looking to cut or those who are carefully monitoring their diet, for example, those following a keto regimen. They are more expensive than concentrates, though.

Hydrolysates

Hydrolysates are isolates that are processed with enzymes, which improves their absorption, which means they end up in your muscles more quickly. They are the purest protein form but also the most expensive.

Blends

We also have blends, which mix proteins from different sources. However, you need to be careful with these, as they are often the tools companies use to trick consumers. So, for example, if you buy a concentrate and isolate blend, that is a concentrate. And if you purchase blends of different protein sources, read the label carefully. Companies will usually use the lowest quality protein to fill up the content. And whenever you see "proprietary blend" on a label, it is probably best to avoid the supplement, as you never know exactly what's in there.

Must read:: Whey Protein Explained: Isolate, Concentrate and Hydrolysate

Animal Protein Powders

The Reign King: Whey Protein Powder

Whey always was, and still is the best protein powder. Whey is derived from milk in the process of making cheese. The liquid is later processed, and we get whey protein powder. What makes whey the best protein powder supplement is its composition as it is a complete protein source containing all nine amino acids. Furthermore, it is highly bioavailable, which means our body can use most of it, which is a problem with some other protein sources. Whey protein is also highly satiating, which means it will keep you full for longer, helping you stay on your diet plan if you drink protein instead of snacking. Another benefit of whey is that it is one of the most widely spread protein sources, with many manufacturers making quality whey supplements. Whey is nothing new and is one of the most budget-friendly protein powder options.

Buy it now

Casein: Whey's Closest Cousin

So if whey is the king, casein is the king's brother, as it is also derived from milk. But there is one major difference: casein is a "slow" protein. What that means is that casein protein doesn't get absorbed immediately. Instead, the amino acids are released into the bloodstream over a prolonged period, giving your muscles a more steady protein supply. Lifters like to use casein before bed, in order to "stay anabolic" during sleep. That's why it is a good idea to take casein alongside whey. But, if you compare the two directly, whey is a better option, so if you can only take one, pick whey, mainly because they are both milk derivates.

Buy it now

Look No Further, Unless...

So whey is the best protein powder option, and casein is its perfect partner. A premium fast+slow protein, like a one-two punch, right? Well, not for everyone. Both whey and casein are proteins derived from milk, which is a problem for some people.

First, milk is an animal product, which makes these two proteins a big no-no for vegans. The same goes for the egg, beef, or any other protein powder that comes from animal sources. Second, people who are lactose-intolerant might have issues digesting proteins that come from milk. Even though you can try with isolates and hydrolysates which should not contain any lactose, you might find whey/casein problematic to digest. If that is the case, but you still want to up your protein intake, you will have to turn to plant protein sources.

Must Read:: Do Bodybuilding Supplements Really Work?

Plant Protein Powders

Hemp Protein

Hemp is an easy to absorb plant protein which is rich in fiber, but also healthy, unsaturated fats. What's more, those fats have an excellent omega-6 to omega-3 ratio, which is incredibly healthy. Because this protein is rich in fiber, it positively influences the digestive tract and sugar levels, helping you stay full for longer. But, the hemp protein has one major issue, as it is lacking one of the essential amino acids, lysine. Therefore, you either opt for a protein blend or eat lysine-rich foods alongside your hemp powder, such as avocados or tomatoes.

Buy it now

Pea Protein

Pea protein powder is rich in BCAAs, amino acids popular among bodybuilders. It also has very high protein content, and our body is able to utilize it to a great extent. Also, pea protein is also a good source of fiber, which means it is terrific for digestion. And it is hypoallergenic, which means it is safe for most people. Similarly to hemp protein, the pea protein is deficient in one essential amino acid, this time methionine. To correct this, you can include some methionine-rich foods such as Brazil nuts, or even rice protein powder.

Buy it now

Brown Rice Protein

Similarly to hemp, brown rice protein doesn't contain much lysine, so you need to combine it with other foods or protein sources. But, it has many muscle building and health benefits, giving you a reason to choose it as your go-to plant protein source. Rice is a good option because it is well-tolerated by many people, as it is hypoalergenic. Because pea protein is hypoallergenic too and has lycine, it is ideal to take rice+pea protein, if you want to have a "perfect" plant protein blend.

Buy it now

One To Avoid: Soy Protein Powder

When you look at the soy protein contents, it seems like a vegan gym bro's best friend, especially considering the price tag, as it is one of the most budget-friendly protein sources. When you compare it to other plant proteins that usually lack some amino acids, soy protein is complete, giving you all that your body needs. While it doesn't beat whey, it is a better protein source than casein. But, there are some significant issues with soy.

First, all soy available in the Western world is GMO. Yes, all proteins are not exactly whole foods, but knowing that the one you drink is 100%, GMO might be an issue for some. However, most meatheads reading WhatSteroids site don't care too much about staying natural, they only care about gains, so who cares about GMO if soy powder is protein-packed, complete, and incredibly cheap, right? Wrong.

The major issue with soy is that it contains phytoestrogens. When ingested, these compounds act like estrogen in our body and can negatively affect testosterone levels. For most meatheads, this is a huge red light. Raising estrogen levels can cause enlarged breasts, and we all know that steroid users often have issues with gynecomastia, even without consuming soy.

Conclusion

That was the most essential information about different kinds of protein powders you need to know. To summarize:

If you want to gain weight and are not competing, protein concentrate is your best option, considering the price.
If you are looking to cut, go for isolates, as they contain almost no carbs and fats.
Also, if you are an athlete, competing, or have a big budget, go for hydrolyzates, as they are most easily digestible.
Be cautious about blends, as they are often extremely low-quality, read the labels.

Sources:

Not vegan? Then, whey is your number one choice, ideally combined with casein.
Vegan, or lactose-intolerant? Your best option is probably pea protein but ideally combined with brown rice protein, as those two give you all the necessary amino acids.
Avoid soy protein as it contains phytoestrogenes, which can mess with your hormone levels.

Of course, protein that you eat from real foods matters too, and you should always try to maximize it, using supplements to SUPPLEMENT your nutrition, not to replace it. And care about micronutrients too, like fiber, vitamins, minerals, as they often get overlooked by gym bros, who only care about protein/fat/carb ratio. That's it guys, read our other articles if you want to learn about each protein kind in deatail or any additional gym-related information.

Stay strong!

Share on Social Media

Up Next

Top 15 Bulking Supplements Today

Don't Miss

Top 20 Drinks to Boost Energy in 5 Minutes or Less

Paul

Comments

Bodybuilding

Understanding Trenbolone-Induced Cough (“Tren Cough”)

Published

8 hours ago

April 7, 2025

Sane

Trenbolone, a potent anabolic steroid, can sometimes cause “tren cough”—a sudden and intense coughing episode shortly after injection. Although not exclusive to Trenbolone, it is more commonly associated with this substance due to its highly irritant nature.

Click Here To Buy 1-Test Cyp 100 by Nakon Medical

Mechanisms Behind Tren Cough

Solvent and Carrier Irritation

Trenbolone formulations often include volatile solvents like benzyl alcohol or benzyl benzoate, which may irritate lung tissues when absorbed quickly into systemic circulation.

Prostaglandin Release

Trenbolone promotes increased production of prostaglandins, particularly PGF2α. This compound triggers contraction in the smooth muscles of the lungs, leading to bronchoconstriction and coughing.

Micro-Oil Embolism

Tiny oil droplets from an injection can reach capillaries and travel to the lungs, causing mild embolic reactions that lead to temporary oxygen deprivation and coughing.

Histamine and Mast Cell Activation

For some individuals, Trenbolone triggers histamine release and mast cell activation, mimicking an allergic response and causing bronchospasms and cough reflexes.

Related Article: Best Syringes for Steroid Injection on Amazon

Using Salbutamol (Albuterol) to Manage Tren Cough

Salbutamol, a widely-used β2-adrenergic receptor agonist, can alleviate tren cough symptoms by:
Relaxing bronchial muscles, easing spasms that cause coughing.
Inhibiting prostaglandin effects, reducing bronchoconstriction associated with PGF2α.
Opening airways, preventing severe respiratory restrictions in susceptible individuals.

Application Methods

Inhaler (Optimal)

Take 1–2 puffs of salbutamol (100–200 mcg) 5–10 minutes before a Trenbolone injection. If coughing occurs afterward, additional puffs can swiftly resolve the issue.

Oral Tablets (Moderate)

Consuming 2–4 mg tablets 30–60 minutes before injection offers slower, longer-lasting relief but may be less effective than inhalation methods.

Nebulizer (Severe Cases)

For individuals with frequent episodes, nebulized doses of 2.5 mg salbutamol can provide substantial relief.

Preventive Measures to Reduce Tren Cough Risk

Inject slowly to minimize systemic absorption and irritant effects.
Split doses to lower reaction severity with smaller quantities.
Opt for ventrogluteal injection sites, which have fewer blood vessels, reducing oil embolism risk.
Choose lower-concentration solutions to lessen irritation, as higher concentrations (e.g., Tren Ace 200 mg/ml) are more likely to provoke reactions.

What Other Steroids Can Induce Coughing?

Here's a curated list of peptides, SARMs, and PEDs that may potentially cause coughing or respiratory irritation in bodybuilders and fitness enthusiasts:

Peptides

IGF-1 LR3 (Insulin-like Growth Factor): Known for its anabolic effects, IGF-1 LR3 can occasionally cause mild respiratory irritation due to systemic absorption.

TB-500 (Thymosin Beta-4): While rare, improper injection techniques or high doses may lead to transient coughing episodes.

GHRP-6 (Growth Hormone-Releasing Peptide): This peptide can stimulate histamine release, potentially leading to bronchospasms and coughing.

Buy HGH, Somatropin HB Powder

SARMs (Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators)

RAD-140: (Testolone) Some users report throat irritation or coughing, often attributed to solvents used in liquid formulations.

YK-11: Known for its myostatin-inhibiting properties, YK-11 may cause mild respiratory discomfort in sensitive individuals.

LGD-4033 (Ligandrol): Though uncommon, some users experience coughing due to carrier solvents or allergic-like reactions.

PEDs (Performance-Enhancing Drugs)

Boldenone Undecylenate (Equipoise): This injectable steroid can cause “Equipoise cough,” similar to tren cough, due to oil embolism or irritant solvents.

Testosterone Suspension: The water-based formulation may lead to coughing episodes if injected improperly or absorbed rapidly.

Nandrolone Decanoate (Deca-Durabolin): While less common, coughing can occur due to histamine release or systemic irritation.

More Tips to Minimize Coughing Risks

Use proper injection techniques to avoid embolic reactions.
Opt for lower-concentration solutions to reduce irritant effects.
Consider antihistamines or bronchodilators for individuals prone to respiratory sensitivity.

Are There Alternatives to Cough-inducing Steroids?

Here are some alternatives to cough-inducing steroids that can provide similar anabolic effects while minimizing respiratory irritation:

Peptides

IGF-1 LR3 (Insulin-like Growth Factor)

Promotes muscle growth and recovery without the irritant properties of certain steroids.

TB-500 (Thymosin Beta-4)

Enhances tissue repair and reduces inflammation, making it a safer option for recovery.

BPC-157 (Body Protection Compound)

Known for its healing properties, it supports muscle repair and joint health.

SARMs (Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators)

RAD-140 (Testolone)

Provides significant muscle-building effects with fewer systemic side effects compared to traditional steroids.

LGD-4033 (Ligandrol)

Boosts lean muscle mass and strength without the risk of respiratory irritation.

MK-677 (Ibutamoren)

Stimulates growth hormone release, aiding in muscle growth and recovery.

Natural Alternatives

Turkesterone

A plant-based ecdysteroid that supports muscle protein synthesis and recovery.

Ecdysterone

Another natural compound that mimics anabolic effects without the harsh side effects.

Creatine Monohydrate

Enhances strength and muscle mass through improved energy production during workouts.

Other Options

Human Growth Hormone (HGH)

Promotes muscle growth and fat loss, though it requires careful monitoring due to potential side effects.

Testosterone Boosters

Natural supplements like D-Aspartic Acid or Tribulus Terrestris can help optimize testosterone levels for muscle growth.

SARMs Alternatives

Legal and safer versions of SARMs are available, offering similar benefits without the risks associated with traditional SARMs.

Overall

We have explored the phenomenon of "tren cough," a sudden, intense coughing episode often caused by Trenbolone injections due to factors like solvent irritation, prostaglandin release, micro-oil embolism, or histamine activation. Preventive measures such as using salbutamol (via inhaler, oral tablets, or nebulizer), injecting slowly, splitting doses, and opting for lower-concentration solutions were highlighted.

Additionally, alternative compounds to tren cough-inducing steroids were discussed, including peptides like IGF-1 LR3 and TB-500, SARMs such as RAD-140 and LGD-4033, and natural options like Turkesterone, ecdysterone, and creatine. These alternatives provide anabolic effects while minimizing respiratory side effects. The conversation also underscored the importance of proper injection techniques and thoughtful compound selection to reduce risks.

Share on Social Media

Steroids

Creatine vs Myostatin: An Expert’s Analysis

Published

3 weeks ago

March 20, 2025

Sane

Myostatin, a protein encoded by the MSTN gene, acts as a regulator of muscle growth. High levels of myostatin limit the body's ability to build muscle, effectively putting a cap on potential hypertrophy. Inhibiting myostatin has become a focal point for bodybuilders looking to break through plateaus and achieve significant muscle gains. The question is: can creatine, a popular and widely available supplement, help in this regard?

Medical History of Myostatin and Creatine

Myostatin and creatine, while popular now in the bodybuilding world, have their roots in entirely different contexts:

Myostatin: Natural Muscle Growth Regulator

Myostatin is a protein originally identified for its role in regulating skeletal muscle mass. In nature, it serves an evolutionary purpose: by limiting muscle growth, it conserves energy, ensuring that animals (and humans) don’t expend unnecessary resources maintaining excessive muscle tissue. This was especially important in the wild, where energy efficiency could mean the difference between survival and extinction.

Check Adipotide (FTPP) 10mg by Peptide Science

In the medical field, research into myostatin has focused on its role in muscle-wasting diseases. Scientists are exploring ways to inhibit myostatin to treat conditions like muscular dystrophy, where excessive muscle loss impairs quality of life. This therapeutic potential is where the idea of myostatin inhibition first began—long before bodybuilders latched onto the concept.

Creatine: Energy and Medical Applications

Creatine was originally studied for its role in energy metabolism. It’s a naturally occurring compound stored in muscle cells and plays a critical part in replenishing ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the body’s primary energy currency during short, high-intensity activities.

Before becoming a bodybuilding staple, creatine gained recognition in medical and sports science for its ability to improve athletic performance and assist with recovery. Furthermore, in medicine, creatine was investigated for neurological conditions such as Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, and muscular dystrophy, given its potential to improve muscle function and brain energy metabolism.

In the sports world, it was initially adopted by sprinters and weightlifters in the 1970s and 1980s for its energy-enhancing benefits.

Both myostatin and creatine have found new life in bodybuilding circles, demonstrating how discoveries in natural physiology and medical science can lead to transformative applications in fitness.

Benefits of Creatine as a Myostatin Inhibitor

Muscle Growth Potential: Research suggests that creatine, when paired with intense resistance training, may inhibit myostatin to a degree, fostering an environment for enhanced muscle growth.

Improved Exercise Performance: Creatine is well-known for its ability to increase ATP production, translating to better performance during high-intensity activities.

Versatility Across Fitness Levels

Whether you're a beginner or an advanced athlete, creatine offers benefits that complement various stages of muscle-building.

Must Read: A New Caffeine? What You Need to Know about Teacrine

Affordability and Accessibility

Compared to specialized myostatin inhibitors like YK-11 and ACE-031, creatine is significantly more affordable and accessible.

Side Effects of Creatine

While generally safe for most individuals, creatine supplementation does come with some potential side effects:

Water Retention: Some users experience bloating due to increased water retention in muscle cells.

Gastrointestinal Issues: High doses may lead to stomach upset or diarrhea.

Kidney Concerns: Although rare, prolonged excessive use could strain the kidneys, particularly in individuals with pre-existing conditions.

Buy Methyl-1-Test 10 -100 tabs by Dragon Pharma

Alternatives to Creatine for Myostatin Inhibition

YK-11: A synthetic myostatin inhibitor derived from SARMs, offering more potent results but accompanied by more significant risks.

ACE-031: A peptide that directly inhibits myostatin, though it remains in experimental phases and is not legally approved in many regions.

Natural Alternatives

Follistatin-rich Foods: Eggs and dairy products may have natural myostatin-inhibiting properties.

Resistance Training: Intense and consistent weightlifting alone can naturally lower myostatin levels.

Where to Buy Creatine

Creatine is readily available worldwide. It can be purchased from:

Local Pharmacies and Nutrition Stores: Ideal for trusted and immediate access.

Online Platforms: Websites like Amazon, iHerb, or bodybuilding-specific stores offer a variety of brands and formulations.

Supplement Brands: Well-established brands such as Optimum Nutrition, MyProtein, and Cellucor often carry high-quality creatine.

Legality of Myostatin Inhibitors

Creatine: Creatine is completely legal and widely accepted as a dietary supplement.

YK-11 and ACE-031: These compounds exist in a legal gray area in many countries due to their experimental nature and potential risks. It's essential to research local laws before considering these options.

Best Stores and Suppliers

For reputable products, consider:

Transparent Labs: Known for purity and transparent labeling.

Optimum Nutrition: Offers pharmaceutical-grade creatine monohydrate.

Bulk Supplements: A great choice for bulk buyers seeking affordability and quality.

Our Advice to Bodybuilders

Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement, especially if you are already using AAS or other advanced compounds.

Prioritize a balanced diet and consistent exercise routine. Supplements like creatine work best as part of a holistic approach to fitness.

Stay hydrated while using creatine to minimize water retention side effects and support kidney health.

Related Article: Best Syringes for Steroid Injection on Amazon

Overall

While creatine may not be as potent a myostatin inhibitor as advanced compounds like YK-11 or ACE-031, its affordability, safety, and accessibility make it a valuable addition to any bodybuilder's supplement stack. By leveraging its benefits alongside proper training and nutrition, you can maximize muscle growth and overcome plateaus, regardless of your fitness level.

Share on Social Media

Bodybuilding Products

Counteracting Anabolic Resistance with Adaptogens in Aging Men

Published

2 months ago

January 28, 2025

Sane

As people age, maintaining muscle mass and strength becomes increasingly challenging due to a natural condition called anabolic resistance. This phenomenon, where muscles become less responsive to exercise and protein intake, can start as early as age 40. However, adaptogens—herbs that help the body adapt to stress—are emerging as promising allies in combating this resistance and promoting muscle health.

Understanding Anabolic Resistance Symptoms

Aging athletes may experience several symptoms of anabolic resistance, including:

Decreased Muscle Protein Synthesis

Muscles become less responsive to protein, affecting growth and recovery.

Increased Cortisol Levels

Chronic stress raises cortisol levels, which can lead to muscle breakdown.

Hormonal Decline

Natural decreases in testosterone and growth hormone reduce muscle-building capacity.

BULKING STEROID CYCLE #1 PRE SUMMER

Top Adaptogens for Muscle Health

Some of the most commonly used adaptogens include Ashwagandha, Rhodiola Rosea, and Panax Ginseng. Their key benefits are:

Ashwagandha

- Supports testosterone levels.
- Reduces cortisol, improving recovery and muscle maintenance.
- Enhances endurance for sustained workouts.

Rhodiola Rosea

- Lowers fatigue and increases stamina.
- Reduces stress, supporting muscle retention.

Panax Ginseng

- Boosts energy levels for longer, more effective workouts.
- Supports immune function, aiding in recovery.

Click Here to Buy Cardarine GW501516 by Etalaze

How Adaptogens Support Muscle Tissue and Overall Health

Adaptogens help counteract anabolic resistance by:

Regulating Hormones

Ashwagandha may optimize testosterone and growth hormone levels, essential for muscle maintenance.

Lowering Cortisol Levels

High cortisol can exacerbate anabolic resistance. Adaptogens like Rhodiola and Ashwagandha help reduce cortisol, fostering a more anabolic environment.

Enhancing Energy and Endurance

Rhodiola and Ginseng boost energy levels, helping athletes maintain workout intensity, crucial for combating anabolic resistance.

Boosting Recovery and Reducing Fatigue

Ashwagandha aids muscle recovery, and Rhodiola reduces fatigue, both vital for consistent training intensity.

Tips for Integrating Adaptogens into Your Routine

Must Read: Top Erection Gels and Creams for Him

To incorporate adaptogens into your daily life, consider these tips:

Start Small

Begin with a lower dose to gauge your body's response.

Cycle Use

Use adaptogens for 6-8 weeks, then take a short break to reset and maintain their effectiveness.

Choose Quality Supplements

Opt for third-party tested and certified supplements to ensure potency and purity.

More Options to Counteract Anabolic Resistance in Older Men

Related Article: Peptides Vs Steroids - A Complete Guide

When it comes to counteracting anabolic resistance in older men, it's important to consider both safety and efficacy. Here are some options that might be beneficial:

Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators (SARMs): These compounds are designed to mimic the effects of anabolic steroids without the severe side effects. They can help increase muscle mass and strength.

Testosterone Boosters: Supplements like Adaptophen contain natural ingredients such as Tongkat Ali, Siberian Rhodiola Rosea, and Elk Antler Velvet, which are promoted to boost testosterone levels, improve muscle growth, and aid recovery.

Human Growth Hormone (HGH): HGH supplements can help increase muscle mass and strength, but they should be used under medical supervision due to potential side effects.

Ecdysterone: This compound is found in certain plants and has been shown to have anabolic effects similar to anabolic steroids but with fewer side effects.

Turkesterone: Another natural compound that has shown promise in increasing muscle mass and strength without the harsh side effects of anabolic steroids.

It's crucial to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement regimen, especially if you have underlying health conditions or are taking other medications. They can help you determine the best course of action based on your individual needs and health status.

Buy SynthaTUR from Etalaze

Recommended Exercises to Restore Muscle In Older Men

Restoring muscle loss in older men can be effectively achieved through a combination of resistance training and functional exercises. Here are some of the most effective exercises:

Dumbbell Squats: These help build lower body strength and muscle mass. Stand with feet shoulder-width apart, holding dumbbells at your sides, and squat down while keeping your chest up.

Incline Dumbbell Bench Press: This exercise targets the upper chest and shoulders. Lie on an incline bench, holding dumbbells, and press them upwards until your arms are fully extended.

Chest-Supported Dumbbell Rows: Great for strengthening the back muscles. Adjust the bench to an incline, chest-supported, and pull the dumbbells towards your torso while keeping your back straight.

Planks: Excellent for core strength and stability. Hold a forearm plank position, keeping your body in a straight line from head to heels.

Bird Dogs: This exercise improves core strength and balance. Start in a tabletop position, extend one arm and the opposite leg, and hold for a few seconds before switching sides.

Bodyweight Exercises: Exercises like push-ups, lunges, and step-ups are also beneficial for maintaining muscle mass and overall strength.

Incorporating these exercises into a regular workout routine can help combat muscle loss and improve overall fitness. Remember to start slowly and gradually increase the intensity to avoid injury.

Conclusion

While adaptogens are not a substitute for a balanced diet or structured training, they offer a natural way for aging athletes to manage anabolic resistance. By supporting hormonal balance, reducing stress, enhancing energy, and aiding in recovery and fatigue, adaptogens like Ashwagandha, Rhodiola Rosea, and Panax Ginseng can help athletes, especially those over 40, stay strong and healthy as they age.

Don't Miss: Sleeping Positions for Effective Muscle Recovery

Share on Social Media